Germany military draft may return as the government faces ongoing challenges in meeting military recruitment targets. On May 24, 2025, Defense Minister Boris Pistorius announced plans for legislation that would reintroduce compulsory service if the new volunteer-based system fails. This would reverse Germany’s 2011 suspension of conscription, reflecting heightened concerns over national defense and NATO obligations.
The proposed system involves sending annual inquiry letters to approximately 400,000 18-year-old men to evaluate their willingness and eligibility to serve. The initial goal is to recruit 5,000 volunteers per year for service terms ranging from six to 23 months. However, if those numbers are not met, a Germany military draft could be activated, with legislation expected to take effect by January 2026.
Currently, Germany’s Bundeswehr includes about 181,174 active service members—well below the target of 203,000 by 2031. This personnel gap complicates Germany’s ability to contribute to NATO’s rapid deployment commitments and respond to evolving global threats, particularly those stemming from the war in Ukraine. To address this, the government also plans to reactivate more reservists and enhance overall readiness.
The idea of reinstating the Germany military draft has sparked political and public debate. The Christian Democratic Union (CDU) supports compulsory service, viewing it as vital for national preparedness. The Free Democratic Party (FDP), however, favors a professional, volunteer-based force. The Greens are open to further discussion. Public opinion is divided, though recent polling suggests increased support for national service amid global instability.
Privacy concerns have also emerged, as civil registry data is being used to identify potential recruits. Critics worry that this data sharing signals that a draft is already being quietly prepared, raising concerns about government overreach.
Germany is not alone in revisiting national service. Other European nations, including the UK, are discussing similar initiatives. As NATO’s most populous European member, Germany’s decision on the military draft will have wide-reaching implications for its own defense and the alliance as a whole.
